What is Waterproof Clothing?

When you’re working outdoors in Ireland or the UK, unpredictable weather is part of the job. From light drizzles to sudden downpours, being equipped with the right gear is essential, and that’s where waterproof clothing comes in. But what does waterproof really mean? How does it differ from water-resistant or weatherproof clothing? And which waterproof clothing do you wear in different degrees of rain?

In this guide, we’ll break down everything you need to know about waterproof clothing, how it’s rated, and whether it offers any protection from the cold as well.

What does waterproof clothing mean?

Waterproof clothing is specifically designed to stop water from penetrating through the fabric. Unlike water-resistant garments, which only offer short-term or light protection, waterproof clothing can withstand extended exposure to rain and wet conditions without leaking.

This type of clothing is made with specialist materials, such as treated synthetic fabrics and technical membranes, which prevent water molecules from passing through whilst still allowing vapour to escape. This breathability is crucial for maintaining comfort, especially when you’re active.

Waterproof clothing typically includes jackets, trousers, overalls and footwear, and it’s used widely across industries such as construction, agriculture, transport, utilities and outdoor event management.

What are waterproof ratings?

Waterproof clothing can differ enormously in terms of how effect it is against the rain. The level of waterproofness is generally measured using a hydrostatic head rating. This rating is given in millimetres and refers to the height of a column of water the fabric can withstand before it starts to let moisture through. Here’s a rough guide to understanding these ratings:

• 1,500mm – 5,000mm: Basic protection that’s suitable for light rain or short-term exposure. Often classed as water-resistant rather than fully waterproof.
• 5,000mm – 10,000mm: Good protection for moderate to heavy rain. Ideal for people who spend time working or walking in changeable weather.
• 10,000mm – 20,000mm and more: High-performance protection for prolonged exposure to heavy rain or severe conditions. Suitable for outdoor workers, mountaineers and emergency responders.

So, when you’re asking which waterproof clothing to wear in different degrees of rain, these ratings are a good place to start. For light showers, a lower rating might be enough. But for those long days out in lashing rain, go for a jacket with at least a 10,000mm rating to stay truly dry.

Waterproof vs water-resistant vs weatherproof

Now let’s clarify a few commonly used (and often confused) terms that are used for waterproof clothing.

Weatherproof

This is a more general term and can refer to a mix of properties, including wind resistance, water resistance and sometimes waterproofing. It’s not a regulated term, so it’s important to check the specifics before assuming a product offers full rain protection.

Water-resistant

Water-resistant clothing can repel water to a certain degree, often thanks to a Durable Water Repellent (DWR) coating on the fabric. However, this type of clothing isn’t designed for extended exposure and will eventually soak through in heavy or persistent rain.

Waterproof

As mentioned, waterproof clothing is designed to keep water out completely, even in persistent rain. It’s tested to specific standards and comes with a hydrostatic head rating. Taped seams and waterproof zips are usually part of the design too. If you’re working outdoors, investing in certified waterproof clothing will always offer more reliable protection than water-resistant alternatives.

Breathability and comfort

One of the key things to look out for in waterproof clothing is breathability. Whilst staying dry from rain is crucial, you also don’t want to end up soaked from the inside out due to trapped sweat and condensation.

Breathability is typically measured in grams and refers to how much moisture vapour (from sweat) can escape through a square metre of fabric over 24 hours. For example:

• 5,000g/m²/24hr: Basic breathability – fine for low activity levels.
• 10,000g/m²/24hr: Moderate breathability – suitable for most outdoor work.
• 20,000g/m²/24hr: High breathability – best for physically demanding jobs or long hours outdoors.

Finding the right balance between waterproofness and breathability is the key to staying dry and comfortable.

Does waterproof clothing keep out the cold as well?

This is a common question and the answer depends on the type of garment you’re wearing. Waterproof clothing by itself doesn’t necessarily provide insulation. Its main function is to keep water out, not retain heat. However, many waterproof jackets and trousers are lined or insulated to offer both waterproofing and warmth. Here are a few options to consider:

• Unlined waterproofs: Lightweight and ideal for layering. Best for summer showers or if you’re wearing thermal layers underneath.
• Insulated waterproofs: Include padding or fleece linings to keep you warm and dry in colder months.
• 3-in-1 jackets: Offer versatility with a removable inner layer that can be worn separately or zipped into the waterproof outer shell.

So, whilst waterproof clothing can be warm, it’s not guaranteed unless it’s designed with insulation in mind. For winter working conditions, look for clothing labelled as both waterproof and thermal.

Choosing the right waterproof clothing for your work

When deciding which waterproof clothing to wear in different degrees of rain, think about more than just the weather forecast. Consider how long you’ll be outside, your level of physical activity, and how exposed your environment is (e.g. coastal, rural, elevated etc). Here are a few combinations depending on your needs:

For light showers or unpredictable rain:

• Lightweight waterproof jacket (5,000 – 8,000mm rating)
• Water-repellent over-trousers
• Waterproof cap or hood

For regular outdoor work in typical weather:

• Medium to high-rated waterproof jacket (10,000mm+)
• Breathable over-trousers
• Waterproof gloves and boots
• Optional fleece or softshell mid-layer

For heavy rain or exposed conditions:

• High-spec waterproof jacket (15,000mm+)
• Insulated and waterproof trousers
• Thermal base layers
• Sealed seams and storm flaps for extra protection

Don’t forget visibility. If you’re working on roadsides or construction sites, waterproof high-vis clothing is essential to meet safety regulations and keep you seen in poor weather.

Caring for your waterproof clothing

Waterproof clothing is an investment. Like any good kit, it needs regular care to perform its best. Here are a few top tips:

• Clean it regularly: Dirt and oil can clog waterproof membranes and reduce breathability. Always follow the washing instructions on the label.
• Reproof when needed: Over time, the DWR coating on outer layers can wear off. Use a specialist reproofing spray or wash-in treatment to restore the water-repellent properties.
• Air dry: Tumble drying can damage some waterproof fabrics unless specified as safe by the manufacturer.
• Store properly: Don’t crumple waterproof gear in a heap. Hang it up to air out, which will prevent mildew and fabric damage.

Order your waterproof clothing from SafetyCare

Whether you’re managing a busy building site or trekking between farm buildings, waterproof clothing is your first defence against the elements. From understanding the difference between waterproof and water-resistant, to knowing which waterproof clothing to wear in different degrees of rain, it all starts with informed choices.

If you’re ready to purchase new waterproof clothing or need expert advice first, SafetyCare has a huge range in stock and our sales advisors are here to provide top recommendations. Get in touch with our team today at sales@SafetyCare.ie or give us a call on 01 8499 100.